2012—2016年广东省五华县法定传染病流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious disease in Wuhua County of Guangdong Province from 2012-2016

目的探讨广东省五华县法定传染病流行变化趋势,为传染病预防控制提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2012—2016年五华县法定传染病资料进行分析。结果 2012—2016年五华县共报告法定传染病28种累计发病41 611例(其中乙类传染病20种12 383例、丙类传染病8种29 228例),年均发病率为756.22/10万,死亡37例,年均死亡率为0.67/10万。报告肠道传染病5种28 579例;呼吸道传染病8种4 876例;自然疫源性疾病及虫媒传染病8种43例;血源及性传播传染病4种7 925例。分别占乙类传染病总数的68.68%、11.27%、0.10%和19.05%。发病数居前5位的传染病依次为其他感染性腹泻(14 539例)、手足口病(13 889例)、乙型肝炎(5 695例)、肺结核(4 093例)、梅毒(1 808例)。狂犬病、艾滋病死亡病例占总死亡病例的83.78%。结论其他感染性腹泻、手足口病、乙型肝炎、肺结核、梅毒、狂犬病和艾滋病是五华县近年来需主要防控的传染病,同时应加强人感染H7N9禽流感等重点传染病的防控。

[Objective]To explore the epidemic trend of notifiable infectious disease in Wuhua County of Guangdong Province,provide the scientific basis for the control and prevention of infectious diseases.[Methods]Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic data of notifiable infectious disease in Wuhua County from 2012-2016.[Results] During2012-2016,41 611 cases of 27 kinds of notifiable infectious disease were reported in Wuhua County（including12 383 cases of19 kinds of class B infectious diseases,and 29 228 cases of 8 kinds of class C infectious diseases）,the average annual incidence rate was 756.22/lakh,and there were 37 death cases with the annual mortality of 0.67/lakh. There were 28 579 cases of 5 kinds of intestinal infectious diseases,4 876 cases of 8 kinds of respiratory infectious disease,43 cases of 8 kinds of natural focal infectious diseases and vector-borne diseases,7 925 cases of 4 kinds of blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases,which accounted for 68.68,11.27,0.10 and 19.05% of total cases of class B infectious diseases respectively. The top five infectious diseases of case number were other infectious diarrhea（14 539 cases）,hand-foot-and-mouth disease（13 889 cases）,hepatitis B（5 695 cases）,tuberculosis（4 093 cases） and syphilis（1 808 cases）. The death cases of rabies and AIDS accounted for 83.78%of the total death cases.[Conclusion]Other infectious diarrhea,hand-foot-and-mouth disease,hepatitis B,tuberculosis,syphilis,rabies and AIDS are the major infectious diseases in Wuhua County in recent years,which need to be controlled and prevented.At the same time,it is necessary to strengthen the control and prevention on human infection of H7 N9 avian influenza and other key infectious diseases.