社区老年高血压病健康教育的研究进展

Research Progress of Health Education of Hypertension in Community Elderly Patients

高血压是全球公共卫生面临的重大问题,中老年人在有生之年患高血压的风险为90%,中国2009年统计年鉴显示,60岁以上人群高血压患病率达49%,已对社会经济造成沉重的负担,目前预防高血压的主要方法是通过健康教育,帮助患者提高自我效能,指导患者进行自我管理。健康教育是最基本的护理干预形式,营养、运动干预、心理行为干预以及家庭访视等多种护理干预形式正逐步开展,并取得了一定的成效。尚存在高血压病患者自我管理能力较差,缺少个体化的护理干预及社区卫生服务资源尚未得到有效利用等问题,提出社区护理干预的发展方向。

Hypertension is a major problem in global public health,and the risk of middle-aged and elderly people is 90%.China＇s 2009 statistical yearbook shows that the prevalence of hypertension among people over 60 is 49.1%, which has caused a heavy burden on the social economy.At present, the main method to prevent hypertension is through health education to help people improve their selfefficacy and guide their patients to do self-management.Health education is the most basic form of nursing intervention.Gradually,various forms of nursing intervention are being carried out,including nutrition intervention, exercise intervention, psychological behavioral intervention and family visit etc.It is also made certain achievements.However, there are still many problems exist in the nutrition intervention,for example,patients with hypertension have poor self-management ability,lack of individualized nursing intervention and community health service resources have not been effectively utilized.To sum up, in this paper,I will propose the development direction of community nursing intervention.