种植环境对不同种苗类型甘草生长和药材质量及产量的影响

Effect of planting environment on growth,quality and yield of Glycyrrhiza uralensis with different seedling types

目的筛选不同种苗类型甘草的最佳生长环境,为推动甘草种植业的发展和种植环境的选择提供依据。方法采用测量和称量法对3个种植基地不同种苗类型甘草的生长指标和产量进行数据采集,采用HPLC法对甘草中甘草酸、甘草苷、异甘草苷、芹糖甘草苷、芹糖异甘草苷和芒柄花苷6种有效成分进行含量测定,采用SPSS 20.0对甘草的生长指标、有效成分和产量进行统计学分析。结果 4个种苗类型甘草的生长指标均以达旗较好,赤峰其次,锡盟较差;有效成分指标中甘草酸含量以赤峰和达旗主根分叉细的最高,为2.64%;甘草苷含量以赤峰主根分叉细的最高,为1.45%;芹糖甘草苷和异甘草苷含量以达旗主根不分叉粗的最高,分别为0.77%和0.25%;芹糖异甘草苷含量以达旗主根分叉细的最高,为0.24%;芒柄花苷含量以赤峰主根不分叉细的最高,为0.08%;亩产量最高的是达旗主根分叉粗的甘草,达651.38kg。结论从长势和产量上评价,达旗基地的4个种苗类型的甘草均比锡盟和赤峰的好;从甘草质量上评价,达旗和赤峰的甘草较好。

Objective To screen the optimal growth environment of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.of different seedling types,and to provide basis for the development of Glycyrrhiza uralensis plantation and the selection of planting environment.Methods By using measuring and weighing method,the data of 3 different species of licorice planting base growth index were obtained and the yields of glycyrrhizin,liquiritin,isoliquiritin,apioside liquiritin apioside,isoliquiritin and ononis effective components of linarin were determined by HPLC method.The growth index,effective components and yields was analyzed by SPSS 20.0.Results Among the 4 types of seedling growth index of licorice,Daqi was the best,followed by Chifeng,and Ximeng was the final.The highest content of glycyrrhizic acid was found in the thin and forked taproot of Chifeng and Daqi,2.64%;the highest content of liquiritin was found in the thin and forked taproot of Chifeng,1.45%;the highest contents of apioside liquiritin and isoliquiritin were found in the thick without bifurcation taproot of Daqi,respectively 0.77% and 0.25%;the highest content of apioside isoliquiritin was found in the thin and forked taproot of Daqi,0.24%;the highest content of ononis was found in the thin without bifurcation taproot of Chifeng,0.08%;the highest acre yield was the thick and forked taproot of Daqi,up to 651.38 kg.Conclusion Results of the growth and yield showed that among the 4 types licorice of seedling bases,Daqi is better than Ximeng and Chifeng.From the evaluation of the quality of licorice,Daqi and Chifeng are the best planting environment.