基于隶属函数法和GGE双标图的饲草型小黑麦种质适应性评价

Evaluation of the adaptability of triticale genotypes using membership function and GGE-Biplot analysis

为筛选甘肃省不同地区适宜种植的小黑麦品种(系)和甘肃省最适宜种植小黑麦的试验点,以4个小黑麦种质(新品系P2,新品系P4,石大1号,中饲1048)为材料,于2014-2015年研究了上述种质在甘肃省不同试验点(临洮,玛曲,夏河,合作,肃南县马蹄乡和肃南县康乐乡)开花期的干草产量、营养价值(粗蛋白含量,中性洗涤纤维含量,酸性洗涤纤维含量)以及干物质消化率,其中临洮点有灌溉条件,其他试点无灌溉条件,为雨养区。利用方差分析、隶属函数法和GGE(基因型和基因与环境互作效应)双标图法,对测定数据进行了分析,得到以下结果:1)参试的4个小黑麦种质中,品系P2的干草产量最高(12.94t·hm^(-2)),营养评价值最高(0.67),在临洮点和玛曲点具有广阔推广利用前景;品系P4的干草产量较高(10.90t·hm^(-2)),营养评价值较高(0.5);石大1号和中饲1048由于营养评价值低或干草产量低,在甘肃省6个试验点表现均不理想,不适合种植。2)6个试点中,临洮点小黑麦的干草产量(14.13t·hm^(-2))较高(位居第2),营养评价值(0.51)最高;玛曲点小黑麦的干草产量(14.07t·hm^(-2))较高(位居第3),营养评价值(0.50)较高(位居第2),其他4个试点小黑麦的干草产量和营养品质均较差;综合6个试验点小黑麦的干草产量和营养评价值,临洮和玛曲为种植小黑麦最理想的区域。研究将为评价小黑麦种质草产量和营养品质表现及适宜种植区域提供了简便有效的分析手段,可以为小黑麦种质鉴定与推广提供理论依据。

In order to screen triticale genotypes and areas potentially suitable for cultivating triticale,hay yield,nutritional value（crude protein,neutral detergent fiber,and acid detergent fiber content）,and dry matter digestibility of 4 triticale genotypes（new lines P2 and P4;cultivars Shida No.1 and Zhongsi 1048）at the flowering stage were assessed at six sites（Lintao,Maqu,Xiahe,Hezuo,county of Mati and Kangle in Sunan）in Gansu province from 2014 to 2015.Only Lintao had irrigation,all other sites depended on rainfall.Data were analyzed using ANOVA,membership function and GGE（within genotypes and the interaction between the genotype and environment）biplots.Genotype P2 had the highest hay yield（12.94 t·ha^（-1））and nutritional value（0.67）and performed well in Lintao and Maqu;P4 obtained higher hay yield（10.90 t·ha^（-1））and nutritional value（0.5）than that of the controls,Shida No.1 and Zhongsi 1048.Both Shida No.1 and Zhongsi 1048 displayed low productivity or nutritional values at all sites.Highest yields were obtained at Lintao（14.13 t·ha^（-1））and the highest nutrition value（0.51）at Maqu;Maqu also had high hay yield（14.07 t·ha^（-1））and nutritional evaluation value（0.50）.Yields were generally poor at other sites.This study demonstrated a simple and effective method for evaluating hay yield,nutritional quality and suitable area＇s for triticale production and offers a theoretical basis for identification of superior genotypes and extension of triticale production.