蔡元培美育思想与孔门仁学

Cai Yuanpei's Thought of Aesthetic Education and Orthodox Confucianism

蔡元培美育思想既受康德美学影响,又有所背离。他借助孔门仁学,破除了康德对审美精神价值的人为框限。"美育代宗教"与孔子以仁爱替代当时被普遍怀疑的天帝信仰,颇为相似。实际上,孔门人文精神及其对艺术教育的重视,是推动蔡元培提出"美育代宗教"主张的重要原因。蔡元培美育思想注入了科学、民主、平等、自由、个性等新文化精神,但其主导精神是孔门仁学传统。

Cai Yuanpei＇s aesthetic education was not only influenced by Kant＇s aesthetics but also deviated With the aid of orthodox Confucianism, he broke Kant＇s artificial restrictions on the value of the aesthetic activity. The idea of ＂replacing religion with aesthetic education＂ is verey similar to Confucius＇ idea of replacing the belief in God with love. In fact, the Confucian humanistic spirit and its emphasis on art education is an important reason for pushing Cai Yuanpei to put forward the idea of ＂replacing religion with aesthetic education＂. Cai Yuanpei＇s aesthetic education thought has infused new cultural spirits such as science, democracy, equality, freedom, and personality, but his dominant spirit is the Confucian tradition.