不同处理条件下无患子种子萌发试验研究

The Germination Experiment on Seeds of Soapberry under Different Treatments Conditions

无患子(Sapindus mukorossi)是珍稀植物资源,为探寻其种子的最佳萌发温度和土壤条件,分别采用冬播、春播、室内不同土壤质地试播以及不同温度试播四种萌发方式,对无患子种子进行发芽率和发芽势初步试验.研究结果表明:(1)冬播覆膜的无患子种子发芽集中且出苗整齐,发芽率和发芽势分别达62%、50%.(2)春播整体发芽率偏低,覆膜的无患子种子发芽率为50%,而未覆膜春播种子萌发率最低,仅为10%.(3)四种土壤类型中,黏土的发芽势和发芽率都最高,且后劲较足,分别为14%、16%;其次为沙壤土,其发芽势和发芽率分别为10%、14%,但与黏土相比较,沙壤土前期发芽快而整齐,后期势头不足.(4)不同温度试播中,35℃条件下,种子发芽早,出苗快,发芽势高达26%,发芽率达31%,种子发芽较为整齐;25℃条件下,种子在11天后开始萌发,发芽势和发芽率为11%、14%;17℃条件下,温度相对较低,种子发芽率最低.综上所述,在进行人工繁殖时,注重温度和湿度的调节,更有利于无患子种子的萌发.

Soapberry is a rare plant resource. To explore the best of sprouting temperature and soil conditions of the Soapberry seeds, this study conducts the preliminary test on seeds germination rate and germination poten- tial and under the relatively uniform conditions for sowing the seeds in winter, spring, interior different soil types pilots and sowing at different temperatures the four ways of germination. Results showed that ： （ 1 ） Winter - sown with Plastic film mulching of Soapberry seeds germinate centrally and neatly, the germination rate and germination potential amount to 62% and 59%. （2）spring planting seed germination rate of the overall is low, plastic film mulching of SoapbeH7- seeds germination rate is 50% ,but spring -sown seeds without mulched germination rate is the lowest. （3） Four types of soil,germination rate and germination potential of clay are highest,14%, 16%. Respectively, full of potentiality, then followed by sandy loam soil, germination potential and germination rate are 10% and 14%. But compared with the clay, Soapbelwy seeds gemlinate early and neatly in the sandy loam, but lack of momentum later. （4）Pilots at different temperatures, under the conditions of 35 ℃, seeds gemlinate in ad- vance, faster, and germination potential is maximum, up to 26%, germination rate reaches 31%, seed germination is neat; under the conditions of 25 ℃, germination of seeds start after 11 days, germination potential is 11% and germination rate is 14% ; under the conditions of 17℃, temperaters are latively low, and the rate of seeds ger- mination is the lowest. In summary,in the artificial propagation, focusing on the regulation of temperatre and hu- midity is more conducive to the germination of Soapberry seeds.