日本廉政现象:文化、心理、政治逻辑的三位一体

Clean Governance in Japan: the Trinity of Culture, Psychology and the Political Logic

日本在反腐问题上处理机制相对成熟,形成了文化、心理、政治逻辑层面上的内外反腐机制。文化层面,日本深受儒家文化思想的影响,运用耻感文化,摒弃其中的血缘与地缘文化,并将之演化为自身内部制约机制。心理层面,独特的岛国地理位置与历史发展特点滋生出对内具有归属感、对外具有排他性的共同体意识。这一心理机制延伸到日本人生活的方方面面,并且培养出包含奉献精神、序列意识、主人翁意识的集体意识与拥有等级特征的国家至上意识。政治逻辑层面,日本在明治维新后逐渐实现了联盟结构的转型与法制意识的转化,完善了解决腐败问题的硬性机制。

A relatively mature mechanism for anticorruption is found in Japan, one functioning from the inside and outside con-cerning the layers of culture, psychology and political logic having come into being. From the cultural layer, Japan is deeply in-fluenced by Confucianism, its culture concerning shame wiping out the culture of blood ties and regional connection, which e-volves into internal restriction mechanisms. Psychologically, a sense of belonging has been developed from the unique geograph-ical location of the island and its historical development together with an exclusive sense of commonality. This psychological mechanism extends itself into all aspects of the life of Japanese people, nurturing a collective sense included in whcation, social caste and the sense of ownership for which the nation comes above eve^出ing else. From the layer of physical logic, transformation of the structure of alliances and the sense of the rule of the law has graduaReform, a hard-boiled mechanism against corruption having been consummated.