印象形成和更新的神经机制

Neural Mechanism of Impression Formation and Updating

对他人印象的形成与更新是人们日常社会交往中不可或缺的环节,根据以往的印象形成与更新神经机制研究,梳理相关脑区在不同过程中所发挥的作用,总结发现:(1)自发性与有意识的印象形成共同激活了人的心智化网络(包括mPFC和TPJ),而有意识的印象形成还额外激活了镜像神经系统、前楔叶、颞上沟等脑区,说明有意识的印象形成需要占用更多认知资源;(2)结合ERP与fMRI的研究结果,发现社会推理是有层次性的序列加工过程。未来研究应更注重研究内容与人们的实际需求相结合,使社会神经科学的研究能更好地应用于解决实际生活中的问题。

Impression formation and updating are the indispensable parts in daily social interaction.Previous neuroimaging studies have found the specific brain regions for difference processes of impression formation and updating.Reviewing these studies,we conclude that:(1)The mentalizing system(including mP FC and TPJ)involves both spontaneous and intentional impression formation,and additionally,the intentional impression formation activates the mirror system,precuneus,superior temporal sulcus(STS)and other regions,indicating that the process of intentional impression formation needs more cognitive resources;(2)The evidence from ERP and fM RI studies has indicated social reasoning as a hierarchical sequential process.Future studies should focus more on the needs of people and use the studies of social neuroscience to solve more practical problems.