太湖三山岛生态湿地设计及其效果评价

Wetland Ecological Design and Effect Evaluation Considering the Landscape and Purification Functions: An Example of Taihu Sanshan Island

水环境恶化日益加剧是我国生态环境建设面临的突出问题,传统水环境治理技术主要集中于底泥疏浚、功能微生物投放、药剂絮凝等物理化学方法,存在二次污染风险。随着技术创新发展,生态治水逐渐走向成熟。通过对太湖三山岛生态湿地工程进行观测,发现该工程实施3年后,围隔外总磷浓度为0.04mg/L,围隔内总磷浓度为0.02mg/L,总磷降低了50.0%。工程实施后湿地景观得到明显完善,水体清澈,植物多样性丰富,湿地生态系统逐渐得到改善。研究结果显示通过地形改造、植物恢复等生态措施对藻类进行拦截并兼顾景观效果是具有实践应用价值的。

Due to the continuous influence of human activities, the worsening of water environment and black-odor water are the prominent problems in construction of ecological environment in China. The traditional water environment treatment technologies mainly focus on physical and chemical methods such as sediment dredging, functional microbe feeding and flocculation, etc. But there is the risk of secondary pollution. With technical innovation and development, ecological water control has gradually become mature. By investigating the ＂algal bloom＂ controlling system in Taihu Sanshan Island, the authors found that this project integrated and applied multiple technologies, such as the topographic alteration, wetland ecological revetment, wetland plant optimization, landscape sketch, and chain recovery. After implementing the project for 3 years, the authors found that the total phosphorus concentration outside the enclosure was 0.04 mg/L, but that inside the enclosure was 0.02 mg/L, indicating that the enclosure decreased the total phosphorus by about 50%. These results indicated that the topographic alteration considering the landscape effect is a practical way to control the algal bloom.