日本建筑家石井修的景观融合型独立住宅布局手法研究

Study on the Arrangement Method of Detached House from Works of Japanese Architect Osamu Ishii

日本建筑家石井修被誉为日本有机住宅的开拓者,影响了此后日本的住宅设计。以石井修的独立住宅作品为研究对象,通过对住宅内部与外部空间的构成特征的综合分析,得出了石井修处理建筑与地形关系的手法,总结出了结合不同地形条件的具体布局模式,并对树木在住宅中的布置方式进行了解析。具体结果为:1)在处理建筑与地形关系方面,通过将建筑的一部分沉降入土地中,减小建筑的视觉存在感并与环境相融合;2)通过综合分析内与外的空间构成特征,得出了适用于不同地形条件的若干种住宅布局的基本模式;3)树木主要布置在建筑与道路之间以及庭院中,配合沉降减小建筑的视觉存在感的同时为室内空间提供观赏。

Japanese architect Osamu Ishii is known as a pioneer of organic housing designer in Japan, and he influences the subsequent housing design. This article focuses on Osamu Ishii＇s detached housing design. By compositely analyzing the composition characteristic of interior space and exterior space, the author concludes the method that Osamu Ishii uses to manage the relationship of building and topography, and summarizes the different layout based on different topography and analyzes the arrangement of trees in a detached housing. The results are as follows： 1） On the aspect of building and topography relationship, in order to minimize the visibility of the building and integrate with the environment, Osamu Ishii makes part of the building go down into the ground, 2） By compositely analyzing the composition characteristic of interior space and exterior space, the author summarizes several basic model of building layout that can apply to different topography conditions, 3） Trees are basically planted between road and building as well as courtyard, while buildings are sinking into ground. As a result, it reduces the visibility of building and creates scenery for interior space.