基于线粒体COI和Cytb基因序列的6种锦鲤(Cyprinus carpio Koi)遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity of six species of Cyprinus carpio Koi based on mitochondrial COI and Cytb gene sequences

实验利用线粒体COI基因和Cytb基因的片段序列分析比较了黑锦鲤(Cyprinus carpio Karasugoi Koi)、三色锦鲤(C.carpio Taisho Sanshoku Koi)、红白锦鲤(C.carpio Kohaku Koi)、黄金锦鲤(C.carpio Kigoi Koi)、全白锦鲤(C.carpio Platinum Ogon Koi)和全红锦鲤(C.carpio Higoi Koi)6个锦鲤(Cyprinus carpio Koi)养殖品系的遗传多样性和系统进化关系。结果显示:基因序列分析得到的单倍型数分别为7、6。6个品系均具有较高的单倍型多样性指数和较低的核苷酸多样性指数。群体间遗传分化系数Fst、遗传距离和AMOVA等结果显示品种间变异高于品种内变异,黑锦鲤和黄金锦鲤间、红白锦鲤和三色锦鲤间不存在显著遗传差异,其余品系间差异显著。根据COI和Cytb基因单倍型构建的品系间NJ系统进化树得到相同结果,黑锦鲤和全红锦鲤遗传关系较近,聚为一支。三色锦鲤、红白锦鲤和黄金锦鲤遗传关系较近,聚为一支。全白锦鲤与其他品系的亲缘关系均较远,单独形成一个分支。

The genetic diversity- and phylogenetic relationships of six varieties of Cyprinus carpio Koi, which namely C. carpio Karasugoi Koi, C. carpio Taisho Sanshoku Koi, C. carpio Kohaku Koi, C. carpio Kigoi Koi, C. carpio Platinum Ogon Koi, and C. carpio Higoi Koi, were analyzed by mitochondrial COI gene and Cytb gene sequences in this study. The results showed that the haplotype numbers were 7 and 6, respectively. The results of genetic diversity indexes displayed that 6 varieties had high haploupe diversity- index and low nncleotide diversity- index. The results of genetic differentiation coefficient （Fst） , genetic distance and AMOVA analysis showed that genetic distance between each 2 varieties was higher than that within varieties. C. carpio Karasugoi Koi and C. carpio Kigoi Koi, C. carpio Kohaku Koi and C. carpio Taisho San- shoku Koi did not had significant genetic differences between the two species, and there were significant differences among the other cultivars. The NJ phylogenetic tree of CO1 and Cytb gene haplotypes demonstrated the same results, the relation- ship between C. carpio Karasugoi Koi and C. carpio Higoi Koi were close and divided into a group, C. carpio Taisho San- shoku Koi, C. carpio Kohaku Koi, C. carpio Kigoi Koi shared the same group, the C. carpio Platinum Ogon Koi was far away from other strains.