滩涂互花米草生境土壤微生物特征及土壤酶研究

Characteristics of Soil Microorganism and Soil Enzymes in Habitat of Spartina alterniflora Loisel. in Tidel-flat Area

互花米草在沿海滩涂可有效助淤及护坡,在滩涂定植后对滩涂生态有一定的影响。对沿海滩涂互花米草生境土壤取样,分析微生物的类型、土壤酶活性,并与脱盐水稻土比较。结果表明,互花米草生境土壤地表水呈碱性,土壤中盐分含量较高,表层积累有可溶性盐,土壤中理化性状指标、土壤微生物类群、土壤酶活性三者之间有密切联系。有机质含量越高,营养成分越高,其微生物的数量越多,则纤维分解菌数量多;土壤含氮量高,则脲酶活性高,固氮菌数量多;土壤有效磷的含量越高,磷酸酶的活性越高。

Spartina alterniflora Loisel. is effective in reducing and controlling siltation and slope protection in coastal tidal-flat area,and hascertain impacts on ecology of tidal-flat after planting on beach. The habitat soil samples of Spartina alterniflora Loisel. in coastal tidal-flat area weretaken,the microbial type,soil enzyme activity were analyzed,and the samples were compared with the desalinated paddy soil. The results showed thatthe surface water was alkaline,the content of salt in the soil was higher,and the soluble salt was accumulated in the surface. There was acloserelationship among the physical and chemical properties of soil,soil microbial groups and soil enzyme activity. When the organic matter content washigh,the nutrient content was high,the number of microorganisms and the number of fiber-breaking bacteria were great. When the soil nitrogen contentwas high,the urease activity was high,and the number of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was great. When the soil available phosphorus content was high,theactivity of phosphatase was high.