高生物相容性医用纺织材料及其研究和应用进展

Progress in the Research and Application of Medical Textile Materials with High Biocompatibility

文章阐述了医用纺织材料的分类及国内外发展现状。以甲壳素、海藻酸、胶原、竹等天然基纤维材料,聚乳酸、聚乙交酯、聚乙丙交酯、聚己内酯、聚三亚甲基碳酸酯、聚对二氧环己酮等合成基纤维材料,海藻酸/壳聚糖、海藻酸/明胶、海藻酸/聚四氟乙烯-聚偏氟乙烯-聚乙烯、细菌纤维素等功能改性纤维材料为例,介绍了高生物相容性医用纺织材料的研究与应用,包括卫生保健(面膜、湿巾等)、防护类用品(医用防护服、手术帽等)、治疗类纺织品(止血纱布、绷带及伤口敷料等)、外科用植入类纺织品和人造器官(人造血管、人工肾等)。展望了未来我国高生物相容性医用纺织材料的发展方向。

This paper illustrated the classification and development status of medical textile materials at home and abroad. Then taking the natural fiber materials, such as chitin fiber, alginic acid fiber, collagen fiber and bamboo fiber, synthetic fiber materials, such as polylactic acid（PLA） fiber, polyglycolic acid （PGA） fiber, poly（DL-lactide-co-glycolide）（PLGA）, polycaprolactone（PCL） fiber, polytrimethylene carbonate（PTMC） fiber and polydioxanone（PDO） fiber, and functional modified fiber materials, including alginic acid/chitosan fiber, alginic acid/gelatin fiber, alginic acid/polytetrafluoroethylene（PTFE）/polyvinylidene fluoride（PVDF）/polyethylene（PP） fiber and bacterial cellulose fiber as examples, this paper introduced the research and application of medical textile materials with high biocompatibility, including health care products （mask, wet tissue, etc.）, protective articles （medical protective clothing, operating hats, etc.）, treatment textiles （hemostatic gauze, bandages, wound dressings, etc.）, surgical implants and artifical organ （artificial blood vessel, artificial kidney, etc.）. Finally, the paper anticipated the development of China’s medical textile materials with high biocompatibility in the future.