种茧自动化切削设备的设计

Design of Automatic Cutting Equipment for Parent Cocoons

提高蚕种生产的机械化、自动化、智能化水平有利于降低蚕种生产成本和提升蚕种生产效率。针对目前蚕种生产过程手工切削种茧用工成本高、效率低等缺点,设计了一款能够完成种茧切削任务的自动化设备。结合不同家蚕品种的茧形特征,将蚕茧切口过程分为粘黏分离、排列运输、夹持、切削等步骤,设计出能够实现对应功能的零部件并组装制作出实体样机。用样机对来自不同家蚕品种的不同茧形及大小的蚕茧进行切削试验,结果表明：该设备对蚕茧之间的粘黏分离成功率为40%左右,排列输送成功率在75%以上,夹持成功率60%左右,切削成功率约50%;完成单粒蚕茧切口任务平均耗时15 s左右。该设备经进一步优化各个部件结构以及更换零部件制作材料后,有望应用于蚕种生产。

Elevating the mechanization,automation and intelligence levels in silkworm（ Bombyx mori） egg production will help to reduce the cost of silkworm egg production and increase the efficiency of silkworm egg production. An automatic parent silkworm cocoon cutting equipment was designed to solve the problems of low efficiency and high labor cost of manually cutting cocoons in silkworm egg production. Combined with the cocoon shape characteristics of different silkworm varieties,the process of silkworm cocoon incision was divided into sticky-cocoon separation,arrangement and delivery,clamping,cutting and other steps,and parts capable of implementing the corresponding functions were designed and assembled into a solid prototype. This prototype was used in cutting test for parent silkworm cocoons from different silkworm varieties with different cocoon shapes and sizes. The results showed that the success rate of this equipment on separating the sticky cocoons was about 40%,the success rate of arranging and delivering cocoons was more than75%,the success rate of clamping cocoons was about 60%,the success rate of cutting cocoons was about 50%,and the average time to complete single cocoon incision was about 15 s. This equipment is expected to be used in silkworm egg production if the structure of each component is further optimized and better materials are adopted for machine part manufacturing.