肿瘤医院护士死亡态度及其影响因素分析

Analysis of death attitude and its influencing factors among nurses in tumor hospitals

目的 调查肿瘤医院护士死亡态度并分析其影响因素.方法 2017年4—6月,采用便利抽样法选取新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院330名护士作为研究对象,应用死亡态度描绘修订版对其进行死亡态度问卷调查,采用SPSS17.0统计软件、t检验、单因素方差分析、多元逐步回归分析进行死亡态度影响因素的分析.结果 共回收有效问卷320份.肿瘤医院护士死亡态度得分总分为（101.92±6.75）分,5个维度得分从高到低依次为：自然接受、死亡逃避、死亡恐惧、逃离接受、趋近接受.不同学历、工作年限、有无宗教信仰、是否接受过死亡教育的护士之间死亡态度得分差异均有统计学意义（F/t值分别为13.714、11.561、15.184、4.416;P〈0.01）.宗教信仰、工作年限、接受过死亡教育为死亡态度得分的影响因素（R2=0.133,F=16.108,P〈0.01）.结论 肿瘤专科医院护士死亡态度得分较高,说明护士的死亡态度较积极.同时,需根据影响因素采用多种方式提供有针对性的死亡教育,从而为提高护士死亡态度的干预研究提供依据.

Objective To investigate the attitudes towards death and its influencing factors among nurses in cancer hospitals. Methods From April to June 2017, a total of 330 nurses from the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were recruited as the research objects by convenience sampling method. The death attitude investigation was carried out with the Death Attitude Profile-Revised （DAP-R） to investigate the death attitude. SPSS 17.0 statistical software, t-test, one-way analysis of variance and multiple stepwise regression analysis were applied to analyze the influencing factors of death attitude. Results A total of 320 vaild questionnaires were collected. The total score of DAP-R of the tumor hospital nurses was （101.92±6.75）, and the dimensions ranking by the scores from high to low were natural to accept death, escape, fear of death, escape acceptance and approach acceptance.The differences of death attitude among nurses who had different education degree, work experience, religious beliefs and whether or not received death education were statistically significant （F/t=13.714, 11.561, 15.184, 4.416; P〈 0.01）. The nurses＇ education degree, work experience, religious belief and having received death education were the influencing factors of death attitude （R2=0.133, F=16.108, P〈0.01）. Conclusions The death attitude score of the tumor hospital nurses is high, indicating that the nurses have a positive attitudes towards death. At the same time, it is necessary to provide targeted death education in a variety of ways according to the influencing factors, so as to provide a basis for the intervention studies on improving the attitude of nurses to death.