DASH饮食疗法对慢性心力衰竭患者生活质量和再住院率的影响

Effects of dietary approaches to stop hypertension on the quality of life and re-hospitalization rate in patients with chronic heart failure

目的 探讨饮食控制终止高血压（DASH）对慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者生活质量和再住院率的影响.方法 选取2014年2—9月郑州大学第一附属医院心内科住院的CHF患者163例,接受标准药物治疗的CHF患者随机分为试验组（n=85）和对照组（n=78）,对照组采用低盐低脂饮食,试验组采用DASH饮食.比较干预前后患者BMI、血压、血糖、血脂、射血分数、明尼苏达心力衰竭患者生活质量量表（MLHFQ）评分及再住院率.结果 干预前两组患者BMI、血压、血糖、血脂、心功能、MLHFQ评分差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,干预后12个月时试验组患者BMI、收缩压、胆固醇、甘油三酯均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,干预后12个月时试验组患者生活质量评分高于对照组（P〈0.05）,再住院率试验组低于对照组（P〈0.05）.结论 DASH饮食提高CHF患者的生活质量,降低再住院率,从而改善CHF预后.

Objective To explore the effects of dietary approaches to stop hypertension （DASH） on the quality of life and re-hospitalization rate in patients with chronic heart failure （CHF）. Methods A total of 163 patients with CHF receiving standard medical therapy in the Cardiology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from February to September 2014 were selected and divided into experimental group （n=85） and control group （n=78） randomly. Low salt, low fat diet was applied in the control group, while DASH was adopted in the experimental group. Patients＇ body mess index （BMI）, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipid, ejection fraction, cardiac function, the score of Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire （MLHFQ） and re-hospitalization rate were compared before and after intervention. Results There were no statistical differences in BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipid, cardiac function and the score of MLHFQ before intervention （P〉 0.05）. Patients＇ BMI, systolic pressure, cholesterol and triglyceride of the experimental group paitents were all lower than those of the control group 12 months after intervention, with statistical significance （P〈 0.05）. 12 months after intervention, patients＇ quality of life of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group （P〈0.05）, and the re-hospitalization rate was lower than that of the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusions DASH can improve the quality of life in patients with CHF, reduce readmission rate, thus improving the prognosis of heart failure.