试论清代的“汉侍卫”家族

A Preliminary Study in Qing's Imperial Guards Comprise of Han People

侍卫制的研究,学界以往皆侧重研究满洲侍卫,汉侍卫群体乏人问津。本文从满洲的"入侍"传统入手,探析清廷设立"汉侍卫"之动机。在汉侍卫群体中,某些武举世家逐渐形成侍卫家族,如甘州韩家、河间哈家、宁夏马家、宣化袁家、泰州刘家等,本文希冀通过考察这些武举世家,探讨汉侍卫群体在清代政治运作中扮演的角色。

The institution involving imperial guards was part and parcel of the Qing politics. Nevertheless,it is far from being thoroughly investigated. Generally,the existing research unduly overworks on the Manchu guards and at same time it pays no attention to the Han guards. The present paper analyzes the Manchu tradition of being an imperial guard and sheds light on the founding of the Han troops. It points out that some families – the Han Family of Ganzhou,the Ma Family of Ningxia,the Yuan Family of Xuanhua,the Liu Family of Taizhou,for instance – doing excellent job in the imperial examination of martial art contributed greatly to the Han troops. These families constituted an embodiment of the political role the Han guards played in Qing.