应对方式对陕北地区留守儿童生活事件与心理健康的中介效应

Life Events and Mental Health of Left-behind Children in Shanbei Region:The Intermediary Effect of Coping Style

目的：了解陕北地区留守儿童心理健康及影响因素,为这一地区留守儿童健康发展提供支持。方法：选取陕北地区留守儿童较为集中的2所中学,每所学校初一至初三各年级随机抽取2个教学班级,共抽取2所学校12个教学班级的246名留守儿童,对其采用生活事件量表、心理健康诊断量表和应对方式问卷进行测试,并对结果进行统计分析。结果：陕北地区留守儿童生活事件总分为（49.54±15.53）分;消极应对方式得分为（24.09±7.06）分,积极应对方式得分为（32.72±6.29）分;心理健康得分为（39.28±14.62）分。相关分析显示,留守儿童的心理健康与生活事件各因子及总分和消极应对方式呈现显著的正相关关系（P〈0.01）,与积极应对方式呈现负相关关系（P〈0.01）。回归分析显示,应对方式纳入后,人际关系对心理健康的预测作用降低,同时学习压力的预测作用则不存在统计学意义。人际关系可以通过消极应对影响留守儿童的心理健康,同时还可以直接影响留守儿童的心理健康;学习压力则可以通过应对方式间接影响心理健康。修正后模型适切,拟合指数为：χ2=135.12,自由度（df）为51,χ2/df为2.65,拟合优度指数（GFI）为0.90,比较拟合指数（CFI）为0.93,NFI为0.89,IFI为0.93,近似误差均方根（RMSEA）为0.085。结论：应对方式在人际关系和心理健康状况之间存在着中介效应。

Objective：To understand the left-behind children＇s mental health and its influencing factors in Shanbei region,provide support for the healthy development of left-behind children in the region.Methods：A total of 246 left-behind children were selected in Shanbei region,and assessed by using life event scale,mental health diagnosis scale and coping styles questionnaire.Results：Life events scores was（49.54±15.53）points;Negative coping style score was（24.09±7.06）,positive coping style score was（32.72±6.29）;Mental health score was（39.28±14.62）.Left-behind children＇s mental health and life events had significant positive correlation with negative coping styles（P〈0.01）,and negative correlation with positive coping styles（P〈0.01）.Coping styles reduced the prediction effect of relationship on mental health,and eliminated the prediction of learning pressure on mencal health.Interpersonal relationships could affect mental health of left-behind children through negative response,at the same time it could also directly affect the mental health of left-behind children;Learning pressure could affect mental health through cope.Revised model appropriate,fitting index were as follows：x2 value was 135.12,degrees of freedom（df）was 51,x2 value/df was 2.65,goodness-of-fit index（GFI）was 0.90,more fitting index（CFI）was 0.93,NFI was 0.89,IFI was 0.93,the approximate error of root mean square（RMSEA）was 0.085.Conclusion：Coping styles play an intermediary effect in the relationship between interpersonal relationship and mental health.