电站锅炉常用金属材料金相检测及组织分析

Metallographic Detection and Microstructure Analysis of Metal Materials Used in Power Plant Boilers

金相检测在电站锅炉定期检验中起着重要作用,锅炉定期检验规则对不同运行时长的锅炉金相检测的部位有着不同的规定。本文分别介绍了电站锅炉常用的金属材料20G、15CrMo、12Cr1MoV及P91的化学成分、力学性能及正常显微组织,然后介绍了其在运行过程中可能出现的老化特征,如珠光体球化、石墨化及碳化物析出,最后介绍了相应的老化评级标准。

Metallographic detection plays an important role in the periodic inspection of power plant boilers. Boiler periodic inspection rules have different specifications for the different parts of the boiler on metallographic detection. This paper introduced respectively the chemical compositions, mechanical properties and normal microstructure of 15CrMo, 12Cr1 MoV and P91 which were often used in the power plant boilers. Then it introduced the aging characteristics that could occur during operation, such as pearlite spherification, graphitization and carbide precipitation etc. Finally, the corresponding aging standard was introduced.