新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎早期诊断生物标记物的研究进展

Early diagnosis biomarkers of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

坏死性小肠结肠炎（necrotizing enterocolitis of newborn，NEC）是早产儿常见的严重消化道疾病，起病急，死亡风险高，早期临床症状常不典型，放射学检查缺乏敏感性，故仅通过临床表现及影像学结果来早期诊断有时不可靠。近来发现，某些生物标记物，如肠脂肪酸结合蛋白、肠三叶因子、β-葡萄糖苷酶、粪钙卫蛋白等，在NEC发病早期有一定的变化，对指导NEC临床治疗和评估病情有一定的指导作用。

Necrotizing enterocolitis（NEC） is a serious disease of digestive tract common in premature infants, which is acute onset with high risk of death. Its early clinical symptoms are not typical, and it lacks sensitivity in radiological examination, so it is sometimes unreliable only based on the clinical manifes- tation and imaging results for early diagnosis. Recently, some biomarkers have certain changes in the early onset of NEC, such as intestinal fatty acid binding protein, intestinal trefoil factor, β-glucosidase, fecal calprotectin, which have certain significance to guide the clinical treatment and evaluate the severity of NEC.