国际石油工程总承包项目成本控制关键环节分析

Analysis of the key links in cost control for international petroleum EPCC projects

通过总结项目实际操作经验,对国际石油工程EPCC总承包项目管理从设计、采办、施工、试运等环节中涉及成本控制的关键要素进行了分析和探索,剖析了导致成本失控的主要原因,提出了应对措施。设计环节要加强项目计划控制,准确判断项目实施难度,确保按期完工;现场做好记录,加强索赔力度。采办环节要加强设计管理,减少设计原因导致的采办失误;在合同中约定调价公式,规避价格上涨风险;严格按照标书要求的短名单询价;严格产品质量检验;重视物流清关工作。施工环节要规避施工设备资源调配失当、当地劳工无法满足要求、分包商管理失控、不熟悉当地施工要求和标准、不熟悉当地安全环保要求等问题。在试运及其他环节要认真准备,做好相关工作,消除有可能导致成本失控甚至超支的因素。

The paper explores the key elements of international petroleum EPCC projects that includes design, procurement, construction, commissioning and other links, analyzes the main causes of out of control of costs, and proposes countermeasures through summarizing the project operation experience. In the design process, it should strengthen the project plan control, accurately judge the project implementation difficulty, ensure the completion of the project on time, and strengthen record and claim. In the procurement process, it should strengthen the design management and reduce the procurement errors that caused by design reasons. For the contract, the pricing formula should be agreed to avoid the risk of price increase, make an inquiry in strict accordance with the requirements of the tender; strictly control product quality inspection, and focus on logistics clearance. In the construction process, it should avoid several such problems as improper equipment resource allocation, unsatisfactory local labor, subcontractor management out of control, unfamiliar with local construction requirements and standards, and local safety and environmental protection requirements. In the trial and other links, it should carefully prepare and do relevant work to eliminate the factors that may lead to out of control of cost or over expenditure.