山东省海阳市旅游气候资源评价

Evaluation of Climate Resources for Tourism in Haiyang,Shandong

利用烟台市气象局提供的1961-2015年海阳市的月平均气温、降雨、相对湿度及风速等气候资料,采用滑动平均法、线性倾向估计法和气候舒适度评价方法(温湿指数、风寒指数、着衣指数、综合舒适度指数)对山东省海阳市的气候资源进行分析.分析结果表明:海阳市年降雨总量均值为746.6mm,相对湿度均值是69.4%,气温均值达12.0℃;8月份是全年降水最多月(192.1 mm),7月份是湿度最大月(86.1%)和气温最高月(25.0℃),4月份是风速最大月;降水、湿度、气温和风速出现最小值的月份依次为:1月、3月、1月和3月;海阳市50多年的低温天数一共有395d,高温天数一共有22d;大风天数共有382d,春季出现次数最多,其次为冬季;近55年海阳市气温和风速分别以倾向率为每10年0.343℃和0.035 m/s上升,年降水量和年相对湿度分别以每10年-33.455 mm和-1.059%倾向率下降;温湿指数以倾向率每10年0.538呈上升趋势;风寒指数、着衣指数和综合舒适度指数分别以倾向率每10年-8.688,-0.026和-0.169趋势减小;海阳市全年中5-10月是适合旅游的月份,旅游活动的最佳时间为5,6,9,10月,较适合开展户外旅游的时间为7,8月,较不适宜的月份是1-4月和11月,最不适宜的时段是冬季3个月.

Based on Haiyang＇s climatic data from 1961 to 2015 provided by Yantai Meteorological Bureau,such as daily air temperature,amount of precipitation,relative humidity and average wind speed,the authors of this paper analyzed the tourism climate resources of Haiyang city,using the methods of sliding average,linear trend estimation and climate comfortability evaluation,which involves temperature-humidity index（THI）,wind-chill index（WCI）,index of clothing（ICL）and comprehensive comfort index（CCI）.The result showed that total annual precipitation of Haiyang averaged 746.6 mm,the relative humidity 69.4% ,and average annual temperature was 12.0 ℃.Maximum rainfall,averaging 192.1 mm,occurred in August.Maximum relative humidity（86.1% ）and temperature（25.0 ℃）occurred in July and maximum wind speed in April.Minimum precipitation,relative humidity,temperature and wind speed appeared in January,March,January and March,respectively.In the past 55 years,the number of days with a cold air temperature totaled 395,and the days with a high air temperature totaled 22,The days of gale totaled 382,which were mainly distributed in spring and winter.The annual average temperature and annual mean wind speed showed an upward trend by 0.343℃/10 aand 0.035 m/s/10 a,respectively.The annual precipitation and relative humidity declined by-33.455 mm/10 a and -1.059% /10 a,respectively.The climate change played a fundamental role in the development of tourism.THI increased by 0.538/10 a.However,WCI,ICL and CCI showed a download trend by-8.688/10 a,-0.026/10 a,and-0.169/10 a,respectively.The period suitable for traveling in Haiyang was shown to be from May to October,and May,June,September and October were the most comfortable months for tourists.The period from July to August was fairly suitable for outdoor tourist activities.April and November were not suitable for tourism,and the three winter months of December,January and February were most undesirable for tourism.