炼铜炉渣与澳斯麦特炉喷枪的润湿性研究

Study on Wettability of Liquid Slag on Substrate of Ausmelt Lance in Matte Smelting of Copper

采用座滴法研究氮气气氛下铜冶炼澳斯麦特炉水淬渣与澳斯麦特炉喷枪表面的润湿行为,并探讨保温时间、温度、喷枪材质(310S及316L不锈钢)及熔渣中Fe(Ⅲ)含量对润湿角大小的影响。单因素试验结果表明,1 200℃时澳炉渣与310S不锈钢基片的润湿角(20°)小于与316L基片的润湿角(26°),温度升高时,润湿角均减小,1 250℃时分别下降至5°和20°左右。熔渣与两种不锈钢材质之间的润湿角差异加大,由1 200℃时的6°增大到1 250℃时的15°。当水淬渣中加入质量分数3%Fe(Ⅲ)时,熔渣与不锈钢基体间的润湿角均会有所增加(1250℃时316L基片增加2°,310S基片增加9°),熔渣与基底之间的润湿性降低。在实际生产中,选择相对较高的熔炼温度(1 250℃),控制炉渣中较低的Fe(Ⅲ)含量,以310S作为喷枪枪身材质时,枪身挂渣效果会更好。

Wetting behavior of liquid slag on surface of Ausmelt lance was investigated by sessile drop method under nitrogen atmosphere.Effects of holding time,temperature,lance material（310 Sand 316 L stainless steel）,and Fe（Ⅲ）content of slag on contact angle were discussed.The results of single factor test show that contact angle of liquid slag on 310 Ssubstrate is around 20°at 1 200 ℃,lower than that of on 316 L substrate（26°）,while contact angle drops to 5°and 20°respectively when temperature rises to 1250 ℃.Meanwhile,the difference of contact angle on two types of stainless steels substrate expands from6° at 1 200 ℃ to 15° at 1 250 ℃.When 3% of Fe（Ⅲ）（mass fraction）is added to slag,the contact angle rises slightly on 316 L and 310 S for 2° and 9° at 1 250 ℃,which shows weak wettability between slag and substrate.Better slag hanging on Ausmelt lance would be obtained with a relatively higher smelting temperature（1 250 ℃）,lower content of Fe（Ⅲ） in slag and 310 Sstainless steel as the lance material in practical smelting.