住院眼外伤475例分析

Analysis of ocular trauma in 475 inpatients

目的分析眼外伤住院患者的发病特点。方法收集2014年1月至2016年12月眼外伤住院475例（487眼）的资料，回顾性分析其人口学特征、眼外伤类型和致伤原因。结果男女之比为3．95：1，以农民和学生多见，≤10岁和40～49岁高发。眼外伤类型主要为：眼球挫伤148例（31．16％），眼球穿孔伤128例（26．95％），眼附属器挫伤及裂伤93例（19．58％）。致伤物以锐器（21．47％）最多。眼外伤并发症：外伤性白内障144例，前房积血104例，玻璃体积血92例和眼内炎51例。出院时单眼或双眼视力低于0．05的者占40．31％。结论在从事生产劳动的过程中，眼睛极易受到铁片等金属锐器的伤害，且后果严重，应给予足够的重视。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of hospitalized patients with ocular trauma. Methods The data of 487 eyes of 475 patients with ocular trauma from Jan. 2014 to Dec. 2016 were collected. The demographic characteristics, types of ocular trauma and causes of ocular trauma were analyzed retrospectively. Results The ratio of male to female was 3.95： 1. The occupation was more common farmers and students. High occurrence age of ocular trauma was ≤ 10 years and 40- 49 years. The types of ocular trauma were 148 cases （31.16%） contusion of eyeball, perforation of eyeball in 128 cases （26.95%）, eye appendages contusion and laceration in 93 cases （19.58%）. The main reason for the injury was sharp instrument injury （21.47%）. Complications of ocular trauma were traumatic cataract in 144 cases, anterior chamber hemorrhage in 104 cases, vitreous hemorrhage in 92 cases, endophthalmltis in 51 cases. The visual acuity of monocular or binocular less than 0. 05 occupyed for 40. 31%. Conclusion In the process of production, the eyes are vulnerable to be damaged by metal sharp weapon, for example iron sheets, and the consequences are serious, so it should be given enough attention.