广东省惠州市农村儿童眼外伤原因分析

Analysis of causes of rural children ocular trauma in Huizhou City, Guangdong Province

目的分析广东省惠州市农村儿童眼外伤的致伤原因和特点。方法回顾性分析2006年1月-2016年11月127例（135眼）惠州市农村地区0～14岁儿童眼外伤的资料。结果儿童眼外伤中男109例，女18例，男女比例为6．06：1，性别在各个年龄段中差异均有显著统计学意义（P〈0．001）。0～2岁幼儿期患儿11例（8．66％），而6～14岁的学龄期儿童是儿童眼外伤高发期，共116例（91．34％）。致伤因素中前3位的是：眼挫伤106眼，热烧伤20眼，穿孔伤6眼。并发症以外伤性前房积血居多，共48眼（35．56％）。眼外伤对患儿的视力危害大，受伤时视力低于0．05者69眼，其中无光感者3眼，经治疗后仍有32眼视力低于0．05，致盲率为23．70％。结论惠州市农村儿童眼外伤多发生于学龄期，男童居多，并发症多且后果严重。

Objective To analyze the causes and features of ocular trauma of rural children in Huizhou City, Guangdong Province. Methods The data of 135 eyes of 127 rural children with ocular trauma from Jan. 2006 to Nov. 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The age of children were 0-14 years. Results The incidence of ocular trauma in boys was higher than that in girls, there were males 109 cases, and females 18 cases, male to female ratio was 6.06： 1. The difference of gender was statistically significant among every age group （P 〈0. 001）. The infancy period, 0-2 years was in 11 cases （8.66%）; the children in school age, 6-14 years, were high-incidence of ocular trauma in 116 cases （91.34%）. The most common causes of injury was ocular contusion in 106 eyes, followed by thermal burn in 20 eyes and penetrating injury in 6 eyes. The predominant complication was mainly traumatic anterior hyphema in 48 eyes （35.56%）. Visual acuity 〈0.05 after ocular trauma occurred in 69 eyes, included 3 eyes with no light perception. After treatment the visual acuity 〈 0. 05 was in 32 eyes, the blind rate was 23. 70%. Conclusion The predominant age of ocular trauma is 6-14 years rural children in school age in Huizhou City. Ocular trauma occurs in male children with more complications and serious consequence.