青海东南部农村民居结构特点及抗震能力分析

Structural Characteristics and Seismic Capacity Analysis of Rural Buildings in the Southeast of Qinghai Province

我国农村民居的抗震能力具有显著的地域特点。本文基于现场调研结果总结了青海东南部黄河流域农村民居的结构特点,并对其抗震能力进行了评估。庄廓院是调研区内的典型农村民居,本文对调研区内庄廓院的木构架房屋进行研究,提出庄廓土墙围护木构架房屋的震害等级分类标准,根据实际震害资料和类比的方法确定了当地土墙围护木构架结构的震害矩阵和震害指数与峰值加速度的关系曲线。与云南鲁甸农村的土木结构房屋比较,青海庄廓院民居具有更高的抗震能力;与未设防的砖混结构比较,这种土墙围护的木构架结构在高烈度区造成人员伤亡的风险更低。

The anti-seismic capacity of rural buildings in China is of significant regional characteristics. Based on the investigation, this paper summarizes the structural characteristics and evaluates the seismic capacity of rural buildings in the Yellow River Basin in southeastern of Qinghai. Zhuangkuo folk house is a typical rural building in the research area. Through the investigation on the wooden frame structures in the rural buildings, we put forward to earthquake damage classification of the wooden frame structures with earth walls in Zhuangkuo folk house. According to the actual damage information, earthquake damage matrix of the wooden frame structures with earth walls in Zhuangkuo folk house by analogy and the relationship are determined between the earthquake damage index and the peak acceleration. Compared with the civil structure houses in the rural buildings of Ludian in Yunnan province, rural buildings have relative high anti-seismic capacity in Qinghai Province. The wooden frame structures with the earth wall are at a lower risk of casualties than the unfortified brick-concrete structures under the high-intensity condition.