中国蜈蚣属动物种类鉴定及新种禄丰蜈蚣记述

Identification of the genus Scolopendra in China and description of a new species of Scolopendra lufengensis sp. nov

目的:为厘清中国境内蜈蚣属动物资源状况,解决我国药用蜈蚣长期存在混淆和误用现象,建立了中国蜈蚣属动物种类分类鉴定方法。方法:根据形态学特征对采集样本进行形态鉴定,建立了14种蜈蚣的形态特征检索表。通过基于COI基因的DNA条形码技术构建系统聚类树,对不同蜈蚣种类进行聚类分析。结果:不同种类蜈蚣形态特征存在明显差别,对采自云南禄丰的蜈蚣样本进行了记述,所建立检索表可对14种蜈蚣进行有效区分;所构建NJ树中,有10个种聚为独立的分支,海南蜈蚣和模棘蜈蚣聚为同一支。结论:中国蜈蚣属动物可分为14种,确认从云南禄丰采集标本为蜈蚣新种,并命名为禄丰蜈蚣。本研究综合采用形态学及分子生物学方法对不同蜈蚣种类进行了有效鉴定,解决了药用蜈蚣存在的混淆和误用问题。

Objective： To clarify the resource of the genus Scolopendra in China, solve the confusion and misuse of Chinese medicinal centipedes, and to establish the classification and identification method of the genus Scolopendra in China. Methods： According to morphological characteristics, the differences among samples were identified, and the identification key of 14 species of centipedes was established. Based on the COI barcoding, the phylogenetic tree was constructed, and the classification was validated. Results： There were obvious differences in morphological characteristics among species, and the characteristics of specimens from Lufeng, Yunnan province were recorded. The identification key could differentiate 14 species from each other effectively. In the NJ tree, there were 10 species clustered into separate branches, but S. hainanum and S. subspinipes were gathered together. Conclusion： The animals of the genus Scolopendra in China can be divided into 14 species. The species collected from Lufeng, Yunnan was validated to be a new species, and named as S. lufengensis sp. nov. This integrated method of morphology and molecular biology can be used to identify species of the genus Scolopendra in China effectively, and the confusion and misuse of medicinal centipedes can be solved.