流动性体验与差序化认同:基于社区服刑人员的实证研究

Liquidity Experience and Differential Identification:an Empirical Study Based on Community Inmates

社区服刑人员具有"服刑人员"和"社区成员"的双重身份,两者之间的内在张力使他们存在明显的身份困惑和认同危机。基于结构与行动互构的视角,探讨社区服刑人员的身份建构过程,以及他们对此的感知、理解和回应。研究发现:在制度空间,社区矫正制度建构了社区服刑人员的二元身份,他们表现出身份感知弱化与强化的双重偏差。在市场空间,针对普遍存在的就业壁垒与前科歧视,他们的身份隐匿与保守选择凸显其身份焦虑。在社会空间,面对交往互动中的话语表达和异样目光,他们的选择性亲和与疏离加剧其身份困惑。根据在这三种空间中的流动性体验,社区服刑人员逐渐形成了多维结构的差序化认同:均衡化认同与完全融入、内卷化认同与有限融入、偏差化认同与边缘融入。这种多层次、动态性的身份认同图式反映出群际关系的复杂性。

Community inmates have the dual identities,they are both＂inmates＂and＂community members＂.The inner tension between these two identities makes them have obvious identity confusion and identity crisis.Based on the perspective of inter-construction between structure and action,the process of identity construction of community inmates and their perception,understanding and response are discussed.The study finds that in institutional space,community correction system constructs the binary identities,community inmates show the double deviation of identity perception weakening or strengthening.In market space,their identity concealment and conservative selection highlight their identity anxiety in the face of widespread employment barriers and discrimination against crime.In social space,their selective affinity and alienation aggravate their identity confusion in the face of words and different looks during communication and interaction.Based on the liquidity experience in these three space,community inmates gradually form the multi-dimensional differential identification：equalization identification and complete integration,involution identification and finite integration,biased identification and edge integration.This multi-level,dynamic identity schema reflects the complexity of intergroup relations.