摘要
德沃金的资源平等要求资源分配要"钝于禀赋,敏于抱负"。然而,这种面孔下的资源平等理论面临多种不一致指控。不仅如此,无论是实现外在资源平等的虚拟拍卖机制,还是实现内在资源(生理能力与精神能力)平等的虚拟保险机制,其中的假设性意愿并不是要"显示"第一张面孔;相反,这种意愿正是要"决定"何种资源分配才是"平等分配"。不仅如此,这种假设性意愿真正体现的是我们日常的深刻正义直觉,呈现出第二张面孔:资源分配要满足人道要求(满足人们的基本需要)和公平要求(人们的所得要与其贡献相匹配)。
Dworkin's"equality of resources"claims that the distribution of resources ought to be"insensitive to talents and sensitive to ambitions".However,this face of"equality of resources"encounters many objections of inconsistency.Moreover,the hypothetical wills of people in the mechanism of both hypothetical auction and insurance are not to reveal the first face of"equality of resources"but to determine what distribution of resources is equal distribution.Furthermore,what the hypothetical wills of people really reveal is our deep intuitions about our ordinary justice and presents a second face of"equality of resources":the distribution of resources ought to meet both the requirement of humaneness(we should meet people's basic needs without considering their contribution)and the requirement of fairness(what people get should be proportional to what they contribute).
出处
《社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第5期117-125,共9页
Journal of Social Sciences
基金
上海市教育发展基金会和上海市教育委员会"曙光计划"项目"有限同情心与分配正义"(项目编号:14SG25)的阶段性成果
2017-2018年度中美富布莱特研究学者项目的支助
关键词
资源平等
虚拟拍卖
真实机会成本
虚拟保险
显示性作用
决定性作用
Equality of Resources
Hypothetic Auction
True Opportunity Cost
Hypothetical Insurance
Revealing Role
Determining Role