2010～2016年瓦房店市手足口病流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of hand-footmouth disease,Wafangdian city,2010-2016

目的了解瓦房店市手足口病的动态流行特征,为制定有效的防控措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析瓦房店市2010～2016年手足口病发病情况。结果 2010～2016年共报告手足口病11 735例,年均发病率为178.13/10万;重症率为16.87%。(198例),病死率为0.51%)(6例)。6～8月病例数占全年79.93%(9 380例)。男女性别比为1.38:1。≤5岁占83.74%(9 827例),≤3岁占59.15%(6941例)。散居儿童占54.23%(6 364例),幼托儿童占37.07%(4 350例),学生占7.96%(934例),其他占0.74%(87例)。实验室诊断350例,其中,EV71占27.43%(96例),Cox A16占40.86%(143例),其他肠道病毒占31.71%(111例)。重症患者EV71检出率为42.93%(85/198例),非重症患者为0.10%(11/11 537例)(P<0.01)。重症患者Cox A16检出率为5.56%(11/198例),非重症患者为1.14%(132/11 537例)(P>0.05)。结论瓦房店市手足口病6～8月为发病高峰,5岁以下儿童为易感人群;男性高于女性;主要以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主;EV71与重症病例发生有密切关系。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand foot mouth disease inWafangdian city,so as to provide basis for making effective prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of HFMD in Wafangdian city,2010-2016. Results A total of 11 735 HFMD cases were re ported in Wafangdian city,2010-2016. The average annual incidence rate of HFMD was 178.13/105 ,and the case severity rate was 16.87‰ （198 cases） and the case fatality rate was 0.51‰（6 deaths）. The cases reported in June-August accoun ted for 79.93% （9 380 cases） of the total. The number of male cases was larger than that of the females （1.38 ： 1）. The cases in children aged ≤5 years accounted for 83.74%（9 827 cases） and the cases in children aged ≤3 years accounted for 59.15 % （6 941 cases）. Scattered children, kindergarten children, students and others accounted for 54.23 % （6 364 cases） ,37.07% （4 350 cases） ,7.96% （934cases） and 0.74% （87 cases） of all cases respectively. 350 cases were laboratory confirmed,among them,27.43%（96 cases） were caused by EV71,40.86% （143 cases） by Cox A16 and 31.71% （111 ca ses） by other enteroviruses. The relevance ratio of EV71 was 42.93% （85/198 cases） among critical patients and 0.10% （11/11 537 cases） among non-critical patients, and there was significant difference between them（ P〈0.01）. The relevance ratio of Cox A16 was 5.56% （11/198 cases） among critical patients and 1.14% （132/11 537 cases） among non-critical patients（ P 〉0.05）. Conclusion June August are the peaks of HFMD in Wafangdian city; children under 5 years old are high risk groups;higher in males than that of females; mainly among scattered children and kindergarten children;and there is a close relationship between EV71 and critical cases.