中国乡村治理结构转型研究——以基层腐败为切入点

Research on Transformation of China's Rural Governance Structure——With Grass-root Corruption as the Entry Point

乡村治理结构的转型在当前社会基层治理中势在必行,而基层腐败作为基层治理中的难点问题和关键性问题,成为乡村治理结构转型的突破口。基层腐败问题之所以顽固存在,主要原因在于针对基层腐败的各种正式制度与非正式制度不能有效发挥监督作用:基层民众由于"不知情"和"分散弱势"而"不想、不敢监督";乡镇政府由于行政化依赖而"不愿、不能监督";县级监察机构则由于"鞭长莫及"而"无力、无从监督"。乡村治理结构的转型必须以根除基层腐败为切入点,因此也就必须着眼于基层民众的权利保障,推进城乡一体化的治理改革,构建民主自治的乡村共同体生活,形成民主化和法治化的治理体系和反腐体系,稳固持久地提升基层治理和基层反腐的水平和质量。

The transformation of the rural governance structure is imperative in the present grass-root so- cial governance. As the difficulty and the key issue, the grass-root corruption has become the breakthrough of the transformation of the rural governance structure. The main reason for the persistence of the grass-root cor- ruption is that the formal system and informal system aimed at the grass-root corruption cannot play an effec- tive supervisory role. The transformation of rural governance structure must have the elimination of the grass- root corruption as the breakthrough, and therefore we must focus on ensuring the rights of the grass-root peo- ple, promote the reform of governing of urban-rural integration, construct rural community of democratic au- tonomy, form the governing system and anti-corruption system which are democratic and legal, and enhance the level and quality of grass-root governance and anti-corruption stably and continuouslv.