地铁曲线段轮轨接触三维有限元分析

Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Wheel-rail Contact for Curved Subway

建立曲线段地铁线路的轮轨接触三维有限元模型,研究行车速度、曲线半径、轴重、钢轨超高、轮轨接触位置和摩擦系数等因素对轮轨接触状态的影响,结果表明:钢轨最大等效应力先随行车速度的增加而减小,且一旦行车速度超过设计速度,等效应力就随之增大;改变钢轨的曲线半径和超高不会影响最大等效应力谷值的变化,但轴重的增加会使等效应力的谷值升高;曲线半径和超高的增加或速度的降低,将会导致接触位置为靠近轮缘一侧工况下的钢轨最大等效应力下降,远离轮缘一侧工况下的钢轨最大等效应力上升;不同摩擦系数因数下的钢轨最大等效应力变化不大。

A three-dimensional finite element model of wheel-rail contact was established to study the influences of oper- ating speed, superelevation, curve radius, wheel-rail contact position and friction coefficient on contact state of rail. The results show that： with the increase of operating speed, the maximum equivalent stress of rail decreases; once the operating speed exceeds the design speed, the maximum equivalent stress turns to an upward trend. The changes of curve radius and axle load have almost no impact on the valley value of maximum equivalent stress, but the increase of axle load can promote the valley value. With the increase of rail radius and superelevation or the decrease of the operating speed, a decreased maxi- mum equivalent stress can be found in where the gauge closed to the flange, but the maximum equivalent stress increases when the gauge is far away from the flange. The frictional coefficient has weak influence on the maximum equivalent stress.