基于UAV动态特性限制的WSN分簇路由方法研究

Clustering routing method for WSN based on UAV kinetic constraints

本文针对目前的WSN分簇算法研究中没有考虑到UAV动态特性,导致UAV采集信息过程中飞行距离过长、采集难度大的问题,提出了基于UAV动态特性限制的WSN分簇路由方法(CR)。CR算法首先考虑到UAV飞行中与簇头通信时间较短的情况,控制了成簇的大小,能够保证UAV访问过簇头节点后可以完全采集该簇信息;第二,簇头选择阶段在兼顾簇内节点能量消耗一致的同时,对簇头进行调整,使得簇头选择方案更利于UAV采集,减少UAV绕行距离;第三,考虑到了UAV可供飞行能量的局限性,在分簇的同时加入总飞行能量的限制,使得规划方案在可行的前提下执行。实验表明,CR算法能够有效地减少节点能量消耗差异,使得网络节点剩余能量趋于一致,延长了网络生存时间。

Since the existing researches of clustering routing method in UAV-WSN system has not considered the UAV kinetic constraints when it collects information from WSN,UAV is required to take longer flight distance and overcome more difficulties in information collection. In this paper,a WSN clustering routing method（ CR） is proposed to solve the above problem based on UAV kinetic constraints. Firstly,CR algorithm controls the size of the clusters to ensure the full information collection due to the short time period for UAV to communicate with CHs during its flight; secondly,CR adjusts CH selection to make it favorable for UAV to collect information taking into account the energy consumption uniformity of each cluster; thirdly,CR is practicable as considering the limited energy for UAV flight. Experimental results show that CR can effectively reduce residual energy consumption level difference of nodes,so as to prolong the lifetime of WSN.