轻质机械活塞材料的成分及热处理工艺优化

Optimization of Composition and Heat Treatment Process of Lightweight Mechanical Piston Material

采用不同含量的Si和V制备了轻质机械活塞用铸态Al-Si-4.5Cu-V合金,对成分优化后的Al-12Si-4.5Cu-1.5V合金试样进行了不同温度固溶和时效热处理,并进行了试样的高温耐磨损性能测试与分析。结果表明,随Si含量从6%增大到14%或者随V从0增大到2%,铸态Al-Si-4.5Cu-V合金试样的耐磨损性能先提高后下降。Si和V含量分别优选为12%、1.5%。在试验条件下,随固溶温度从480℃增大到530℃或时效温度从160℃增大到200℃,热处理的Al-12Si-4.5Cu-1.5V合金试样的耐磨损性能先提高后下降。固溶温度和时效温度分别优选为530、180℃。

Cast Al-Si-4.5Cu-V alloy for the lightweight mechanical piston was prepared by using the different contents of Si and V. Al-12Si-4.5Cu-1.5V alloy specimens after composition optimization were heat-treated by using different solid solution temperatures and aging temperatures. And the wear resistance of the specimens at high temperature was tested and analyzed. The results show that the wear resistance of cast Al-Si-4.5Cu-V alloy specimens firstly increases and then decreases with Si content increasing from 6% to 14% or V content increasing from 0 to 2%. The optimized contents of Si and V are 12% and 1.5%, respectively. Under the condition of test, the wear resistance of heat-treated Al-12Si-4.5Cu-1.5V alloy specimens firstly increases and then decreases with solid solution temperature increasing from 480 ℃ to 530 ℃ or aging temperature increasing from 160 ℃ to 200 ℃. The optimized solid solution temperature and aging temperature are 530 ℃ and 180 ℃, respectively.