从韩伯豐鼎铭文看西周贵族政体运作机制

The Operation Mechanism of Aristocracy in Western Zhou Dynasty seen from Hanbo Fengding(韩伯豐鼎)

近出韩伯豐鼎铭文,其时代约在西周昭王之世或昭穆之际,记述地方史官接受中央王朝卿事司、内史之命,传达于地方,为韩伯、伯二氏度量、析分土田,并返回成周向王朝复命之事。通过这篇重要的铭文,再结合师永盂、裘卫盉、五祀卫鼎、晋侯苏钟、引簋等金文材料来看,西周王朝对内外服贵族有较强的控制与约束机制,特别在内服区域,通过设置于基层的三有司、师氏、地方史官,可以直接管理各地的土田与庶人,处理贵族家族的土地分配与交换,达成"普天之下,莫非王土。率土之滨,莫非王臣"的政治愿景。

The age of Hanbo Fengding（韩伯豐鼎 ） which is unearthed recently is around the period of Zha- owang（ 昭王 ） or Zhaowang and Muwang（穆王）. The content of this Ding（ 鼎 ） shows that the local histori- ographer accepted the orders of central dynasty and conveyed them to local governments and then reported the performance. By means of this inscription, combined with some other inscriptions on bronze, one can see that the Western Zhou Dynasty has strong control and restraint mechanism over both inside and outside aris- tocracy.