由转喻而来的即时性主观评议构式“看把P+A/V的”

The Real-Time Subjective Construction of “看把 P+A/V 的” Derived from Metonymy

构式"看把P+A/V的"是一个具有即时性、表示主观评议的省缩型构式。"看"提供了构式的即时性,"把"则赋予构式以致使义,整个构式表示的是:(特定行为/使因)致使言者所关注/移情的人或物呈现出如此的状况。这种状况因为是双方可见的,所以成为构式中被省缩的部分。"看把P+A/V的"作为一个转喻构式,是用事态场境中的一部分来转喻事态场境的整体。这一主观评议构式的主要功能是言者将自己的情感或态度移位于评议对象,并诱导听者与自己一起对该对象移情,从而实现对言说对象进行评议的主观意图。

The construction "看 把 P + A/V 的 " is a real-time,subjective construction. "看 " provides the mode of"instant","把"gives the construction "cause". The whole construction expresses "( specific behavior/cause)causes what the speaker is concerned/empathetic with to be in such a state". This state is"visible"to both sides and therefore is reduced. As a construction derived from metonymy,"看把 P + A/V 的"uses a part of the situation to represent the whole situation. The main function of this subjective construction is that the speaker shifts his emotion or attitude to the object of deliberation,and induces empathy in the listener,thus realizing the subjective intention of commenting on the object of speech.