有氧运动与复合多糖干预对高脂膳食诱导肥胖大鼠肠道菌群的影响

Effects of Aerobic Exercise and Polysaccharide Compounds Interventions on Gut Microbiota of the High Fat Diet Induced Obese Rats

目的:观察分析有氧运动、复合多糖灌胃、有氧运动与复合多糖联合干预等三种不同方式对高脂膳食诱导肥胖大鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法:采用4周高脂饲料喂养建立大鼠肥胖模型,而后分别采用有氧运动、复合多糖干预、有氧运动与复合多糖联合干预等三种方式对动物进行干预,利用16S r DNA测序分析比较干预前、后大鼠肠道菌群组成的变化。结果:(1)与对照组相比,高脂膳食诱导肥胖大鼠肠道内瘤胃球菌科(Ruminococcaceae)显著增加,苏黎世杆菌科(Turicibacteraceae)显著降低(P<0.05);双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)、苏黎世杆菌属(Turicibacter)显著下降(P<0.05,P<0.01);布氏瘤胃球菌(Ruminococca-ceae bromii)显著增加(P<0.05)。(2)与肥胖对照组相比,有氧运动干预使高脂膳食诱导肥胖大鼠肠道内双歧杆菌科(Bifidobacteriaceae)显著增加(P<0.05),螺杆菌科(Helicobacteraceae)、瘤胃球菌科(Rumino-coccaceae)显著降低(P<0.05);双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)、阿克曼氏菌属(Akkemansia)均显著增加(P<0.01),嗜黏蛋白阿克曼氏菌(Akkermansia mucinphila)、粪便普雷沃氏菌(Prevetella copri)数量显著增加(P<0.05)。(3)与肥胖对照组相比,复合多糖干预使高脂膳食诱导肥胖大鼠肠道内双歧杆菌科(Bifidobac-teriaceae)、苏黎世杆菌科(Turicibacteraceae)显著增加(P<0.05),脱硫弧菌科(Desulforibrionaceae)、螺杆菌科(Helicobacteraceae)、瘤胃球菌科(Ruminococcaceae)显著降低(P<0.05);双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)、别样棒菌属(Allobaculum)、苏黎世杆菌属(Turicibacter)显著增加(P<0.01,P<0.05);布氏瘤胃球菌(Rumi-nococcaceae bromii)显著减少(P<0.05)。与肥胖对照组相比,有氧运动与复合多糖联合干预使高脂膳食诱导肥胖大鼠肠道内双歧杆菌科(Bifidobacteriaceae)显著增加(P<0.05)。别样棒菌属(Allobaculum)、布劳特氏菌属(Blautia)显著增加(P<0.01)。结论:高脂膳食诱导肥胖大鼠肠道菌群中与肥胖直接相关的布氏瘤胃球菌(Ruminococcaceae bromii)比例显著增加;有氧运动干预、复合多糖干预与有氧运动及复合多糖联合干预均可优化调节肠道菌群组成,不同干预方式对肠道菌群结构组成的影响存在明显差异。

Objective To analyze and verify the effects of different intervention on the gut microbio-ta of high fat diet（HFD） induced obese rats. Methods Totally 70 male Sprague-Dawley rats were en-rolled in this test. After 4 weeks of HFD feeding,40 HFD induced obese rats were randomly dividedinto an obese control group（n=10）,an aerobic exercise group（n=10）,a polysaccharide lavage group（n=10）,and an aerobic exercise combined with polysaccharide lavage group（n=10）.The moderate intensitytreadmill training,polysaccharide lavage and their combinations were conducted as their group names in-dicated. The gut microbiota was analyzed using the 16 S r DNA sequencing before and after the interven-tion. Results Compared with the control group,the ratio of ruminococcacea and ruminococcaceae bro-mii increased significantly,while that of turicibacteraceae,bifidobacterium and turicibacter reduced signifi-cantly in HFD induced obese rats. Compared with the obese control group,aerobic exercise increasedthe ratio of bifidobacteriaceae,akkemansia,bifidobacterium,akkermansia mucinphila and prevetella coprisignificantly,but reduced that of helicobacteraceae and ruminococcaceae significantly. Compared withthe obese control group,the polysaccharide lavage increased the ratio of bifidobacteriaceae and turicibac-teraceae,bifidobacterium,together with allobaculum and turicibacter significantly,but reduces that of de-sulforibrionaceae,helicobacteraceae and ruminococcaceae,as well as ruminococcaceae bromii significant-ly. Compared with the obese control group,significant increase was observed in the ratio of bifidobacte-riaceae,allobaculum and blautia in the aerobic exercise combined with polysaccharide lavage group.Conclusions The ratio of obesity related bacteria such as ruminococcus bromii increases significantlyin the HFD induced obese rats. All of the three different interventions can optimize the gut microbiotacomposition of the HFD induce obese rats effectively by increasing the ratio of beneficial bacteria. How-ever,they have significant differences on the ratio of different bateria.