煤矿井下人员精确定位方法

Personnel position method in underground coal mine

分析总结了煤矿井下人员定位特点:覆盖范围远大于地面室内;定位信号应能非视距传输;电磁波衰减严重;无线传输衰减受巷道分支、弯曲、倾斜、断面面积和形状、围岩介质、巷道表面粗糙度、支护、纵向导体、横向导体、设备等影响大;必须电气防爆;环境恶劣,粉尘大、潮湿、淋水等。提出无线电传输适用于煤矿井下人员定位;超声波、激光、红外传输不适用于煤矿井下人员定位。提出RSSI基于信号强度测距定位方法、AOA基于角度测量的定位方法和不同类信号源TDOA基于时间差的测距定位方法不适用于煤矿井下人员精确定位;TOA基于传输时间的测距定位方法和TDOA基于时间差的测距定位方法适用于煤矿井下人员精确定位,TDOA基于时间差的测距定位方法较TOA基于传输时间的测距定位方法系统成本低。

The characteristics of the underground coal mine personnel positioning are analyzed and summarized： the coverage is much larger than the indoor environment; the transmission of the positioning signal should be not line of sight; the attenuation of electromagnetic wave is serious; the attenuation of wireless transmission is affected by the gallery branching,bending,inclination,the area and shape of cross-sectional,the medium of surrounding rock,the roughness of gallery surface,support,longitudinal conductors,transverse conductors,equipment and etc; theelectrical equipment must be explosion-proof; the underground coal mine environment is harsh because of dust,moisture,water and etc.It is proposed that the radio transmission is suitable for the underground coal mine personnel positioning;while ultrasonic,laser,and infrared transmissions are not suitable for underground coal mine personnel positioning. And,it is proposed that the positioning method based on received signal strength indication（ RSSI） is not suitable for underground coal mine accurate personnel positioning; the positioning method based on angle of arrival（ AOA） measurement is not suitable for underground coal mine accurate personnel positioning; the positioning method based on time of arrival（ TOA） and the positioning method based on time difference of arrival（ TDOA） within similar signal source are suitable for underground coal mine accurate personnel positioning,and the positioning system based on time difference of arrival（ TDOA） within similar signal source costs less than the positioning method based on time of arrival（ TOA）; the positioning method based on time difference of arrival（ TDOA） within different types of signal source is not suitable for underground coal mine accurate personnel positioning.