一种HAN基单元推进剂及催化分解性能研究

Investigation of a novel HAN-based monopropellant and its catalytic decomposition performance

介绍了一种新型高性能HAN基单组元推进剂及其在5 N发动机中的催化分解性能。通过点滴试验和热力学计算考察了新型推进剂的催化分解活性和理论燃烧温度,通过5 N发动机的120℃启动、10 s和20 s稳态程序、1 200 s长稳态程序和脉冲程序考察新型推进剂的启动性能、催化分解活性、长稳态工作稳定性以及脉冲工作稳定性,评价了推进剂配方对催化剂的损伤程度。结果表明,新型HAN基单组元推进剂具有较高的催化分解活性和适宜的理论燃烧温度,能够在5 N发动机中于120℃预热温度下顺利启动,完成系列稳态和脉冲考核程序,累计工作时间大于2 000 s,燃烧室最高温度不超过1 150℃。试后催化床未出现空腔,催化剂颗粒完整,质量损失率小于5%。试验证明了新型HAN基推进剂具有良好的催化分解燃烧性能和与催化剂的匹配性能。

A novel advanced HAN-based monopropellant is introduced and its catalytic decomposi- tion performances tested in 5 N thruster is investigated. The catalytic activity and theoretical combustion temperature of the monopropellant are estimated by droplet test and thermodynamic calculations separate- ly. Several performances, such as starting performance, catalytic decomposition activity, stability of steady state and pulse,are investigated by starting at 120 ~C, and in 10 s and 20 s steady state firings, 1 200 s long steady state firing and multi-pulse firing. The propellant damage to the catalyst is evaluated. The evaluation result indicates that the novel HAN-based monopropellant has high catalytic decomposition ac- tivity and suitable theoretical combustion temperature, can start at preheat temperature of 120 ~C, and ac- complish series of steady state and pulse firings. The accumulated firing time is longer than 2 000 s. The maximum of combustion temperature is lower than 1 150 ℃. After hot firing test,no cavity is observed in the catalyst bed, the integrated catalyst granules are obtained and the total mass loss rate of catalyst is less than 5 %. Thus, excellent catalytic decomposition and combustion performances of the novel HAN-based monopropellant, as well as its compatibility with catalyst were proven in the test.