记忆的责任——论阿列克谢耶维奇作品中的伦理书写

Obligations of Memory——On the Ethcial Writing of Alexeyevich's Literary Works

白俄罗斯作家阿列克谢耶维奇的作品自2015年获诺奖以来,褒贬不一。许多批评者认为其创作文学性欠佳,而政治性过浓。然而,阿氏作品的真正魅力与内在价值既非文学修辞,亦非政治批判,而是其更具终极关怀色彩的伦理书写。她至少从三个层面上表达了她饱含深情的伦理诉求,即如何更为公允地对待历史、个体与他者。可以说,在伦理学意义上,阿列克谢耶维奇作品表现出了超乎于文学性与政治性之争的厚重之感。

Since winning the Nobel Prize in 2015, the works of Belarusian writer Alexeyevich have caused mixed views from the critics. Many of them argue that her works are rather lacking in literariness but attached with too much politicality. However, the true charisma and intrinsic value lies neither in literary rhetorics nor in political criticism, but in its ethical writing that is more of an embodiment of her ultimate concerns over all humanity. Alexeyevich has at least expressed her passionate ethical ideals from three aspects： i.e. how to achieve a fairer treatment of history, individuality and otherness. From a standpoint of ethics, Alexeyevich’s works are a fairly dignifed literary expression that goes beyond the controversial arguments over the debate between literariness and politicality.