驾驶证“代扣分”行为的刑法规制研究

Research on the Behavior of Replacing of Points Docking about Driver's License

驾驶证"代扣分"行为干扰了正常的交通管理秩序,其中情节较重的情形亟需运用刑法手段予以规制。我国刑法第280条第1款规定的伪造国家机关公文罪中的伪造行为包括有形伪造行为与无形伪造行为,驾驶证"代扣分"行为必然涉及国家机关公文的一项重要内容即行政相对人的不法变更,属于无形伪造公文书的行为,如果主观上具有故意,客观上情节较重的,可以以伪造国家机关公文罪定罪处罚。司法认定中应当添置"情节较重"作为犯罪成立的整体评价要素,具体可以解释为"多次""多个(件)""违法所得数额较大"等情形。对于驾驶证"代扣分"案件中间接无形伪造公文书的情形,应当坚持构成要件的定型性,对行为人宜认定为以教唆犯而非以间接正犯的形态参与犯罪。

The behavior of replacing of points docking interferes the order of administration,so we need to take means of criminal law to regulate the serious complex in criminal law.The criminal law provisions show that forges of the official documents include tangible forges and intangible forges.The behavior of replacing of points docking will inevitably involve the official document that the administrative relative person,belonging to the invisible forgery behavior of the book,if has a subjective intent,objective circumstances,can be convicted and punished for the crime of forgery of official documents.serious complex should be considered into the legislation,including the circumstances of ‘multiple’,‘many times’ and ‘large amount’.The behavior of replacing of points docking touches the illegal change of the official documents,this behavior belongs to the circumstance of intangible forges,so some people who act in serious complex can be punished by the charge of forges of the official documents.If someone forges the official documents indirectly,the people should be regarded as instigator.