基于人口集聚的东北地区城市竞争力的实证研究

An Empirical Study on Urban Competitiveness of Northeast China based on Population Agglomeration

城市是区域经济发展的命脉,东北地区城市竞争力的提升关乎东北振兴战略的成效。本文在对一系列城市社会、经济发展指标进行因子分析获得城市竞争力评价指标的基础上,通过路径分析进一步探索人口集聚对城市竞争力影响的作用机理。建立城市竞争力的综合评价体系并通过反映东北地区城市经济、社会发展水平的代表性指标的截面数据,使用因子分析法直观展现东北地区城市竞争力水平,评价结果显示辽宁省的沈阳市、大连市,吉林省的长春市以及黑龙江省的哈尔滨市为东北地区综合竞争实力最高的城市,同时各省份城市竞争力也存在较明显的区域差异。在对城市竞争力进行评价的基础上本文对人口集聚以及其他因素与城市竞争力的影响关系进行了路径分析,分析结果表明人口集聚对于城市竞争力有显著的促进作用,这种影响通过直接效应和间接效用施加,以人口规模施加的直接效用和公共财政收入施加的间接效用为主,而人口密度虽然也会对城市竞争力的提升产生正向的综合效用,但是其效用水平低于其他影响因素。东北地区应进行统筹规划以避免区位和资源禀赋差异造成的城市之间发展差距的进一步扩大,还应提高人口集聚水平,推动城市竞争力进一步提升。

The city is the artery of regional economic development,and the improvement of urban competitiveness in northeast China is about the effects of promoting the strategy of revitalization of northeast China.Based on a series of urban social and economic development index for urban competitiveness evaluation index factor analysis,on the basis of through path analysis to explore the mechanism of the population agglomeration effect on urban competitiveness. Set up the comprehensive evaluation system and urban competitiveness through to reflect a urban economic and social development level in the northeast of representative indicators of cross section data using factor analysis directly show the level of urban competitiveness in northeast China,the evaluation results showed that Shenyang and Dalian in Liaoning province,Changchun in Jilin province,Harbin in Heilongjiang province have the highest urban competitiveness,and unban competitiveness in northeast China have relatively obvious regional difference. On urban competitiveness evaluation in this paper,on the basis of population concentration and other factors on the influence of the urban competitiveness of the path analysis,the results show that the population agglomeration for have a significant role in promoting urban competitiveness,and the effects through the direct effects and indirect effects,applying the direct utility to population size and indirect effect through public finance income,and while a population density of city competitiveness,promoting the comprehensive utility of generates positive but the utility level lower than other factors. Based on the study conclusion in this paper,on the northeast region should make overall planning for the urban development in order to avoid in location and resource endowment difference makes the intensifying development gaps between the urban expansion,and also should improve population agglomeration as the means to promote urban competitiveness.