徽州私家园林的传承、修缮与创新发展——以安徽省黟县宏村碧园为例

The Inheritance,Renovation and Innovation of Huizhou Private Gardens——A case Study of Jade Garden(Biyuan) in Hongcun,Anhui Province of China

徽州园林是江南园林的流派之一,历史悠久,具有鲜明的地域特色。徽州园林曾在明清时期达到鼎盛,后来由于历史原因而衰落。近代旅游业的发展,给徽州地区造园活动带来复兴的契机。然而,徽州园林的修缮或新建与文化遗产保护是否冲突,值得进一步探讨。以徽州园林方志史料为参照,通过对安徽省黟县宏村碧园旧园新修案例的实地考察以及访谈园主,将得到的一手材料从造园思想、造园材料、古鱼池、园林建筑、园林铺地、园林植物等方面一一陈述,旨在揭示徽州私家园林在当下的传承、修缮与创新发展。徽州园林文化遗产的保护和延续需要通过当代园主的造园活动来实现,为中国园林文化遗产保护提供一个地方个案。

Huizhou garden is one of the important schools of Jiangnan garden,with a long history and distinct regional characteristics. It once came to flourish in Ming and Qing Dynasties,but declined for some historical reason. In modern times,the development of tourism brings an opportunity for the revival of gardening activities in Huizhou area. However,whether any conflicts between the renovation and reestablishment of Huizhou garden and cultural heritage protection deserves further exploration. By consulting local records of Huizhou garden,field visiting a case study of Biyuan＇s renovation in the world cultural heritage site Hongcun and interviewing its garden owner,this research details the gardening idea,gardening materials,ancient fish pond,garden architecture,garden pavement and plant through using above first-hand material. This research aims at revealing the renovation and innovation of Huizhou private gardens,and suggesting that the protection and development of Huizhou cultural heritage protection will be achieved through modern garden owners＇ landscape activities. This research provides an individual case to Chinese garden cultural heritage protection.