内蒙古地区大学生文化认同的结构与测量

The Structure and Measurement of Culture Identity of Undergraduates in Inner Mongolia

为了解内蒙古地区大学生的文化认同状况,编制适合的问卷并进行测量.以内蒙古地区大学生为研究对象,对153名大学生进行访谈、开放式问卷调查收集资料、编制初始问卷并对内蒙古四所高校1500名大学生施测.使用探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析方法对问卷进行修订和验证,检验问卷的信度和效度,考查大学生文化认同的现状.研究结果表明,内蒙古地区大学生的文化认同是包含蒙文化认知、蒙文化情感、蒙文化行为、汉文化认知和汉文化行为5个一阶因子和蒙文化认同、汉文化认同2个二阶因子的二阶五因子结构;各分问卷的内部一致性系数介于0.548-0.911之间,验证性因素分析的各项拟合指数均在可接受范围.问卷的信度和效度均能够满足心理测量学的要求,可用于内蒙古地区大学生文化认同的评价;文化认同在性别、民族、生源地等方面存在一定差异.

To explore the structure and status of culture identity of undergraduates in Inner Mongolia,aquestionnaire was designed and measurement was carried out.Undergraduates in Inner Mongolia were taken as samples.153 undergraduates were interviewed and open questionnaire survey was conducted.The data collected were used to draft the initial questionnaire.1500 undergraduates were selected to participate in formal survey.Exploratory Factor Analysis（EFA）and Confirmatory Factor Analysis（CFA）were used to revise the questionnaire,verify its reliability and validity and measure the status of undergraduates’ culture identity.The results showed that culture identity questionnaire was a second-order 5-factor model.The first-order factors included Mongolian Cultural Cognition,Mongolian Cultural Emotion,Mongolian Cultural Behavior,Han Culture Cognition and Han Cultural Behavior.The second-order factors included Mongolian cultural identity and Han cultural identity.The coefficient of internal consistency（α）of the questionnaire was within the range of 0.548 to 0.911 and the fit indexes of the model were all up to standard.Conclusion could be drawn that all indicators of questionnaire met the psychometric criterion and the questionnaire could be used to assess university students′culture identity.The measurement result indicated that the gender,nationality and origin of students were influencing factors to cultural identity.