试论“V出”类形式动词及其词汇化

Research of dummy verbs “V chu” and their lexicalization process

学界对形式动词的研究集中在典型成员,对非典型形式动词研究不够。本文考察发现,"做出/作出、给出、提出、发出"等"V出"类动词可以分布在典型形式动词的句法位置,具有形式动词的一般属性,但尚处在词汇化的过程中,是形式动词的非典型成员。"V出"词汇化的临界环境在于以双音节动词形式为宾语,理解方式的两可为"V出"向形式动词过渡提供了条件。形式动词的典型分布框架"介词+受事+____+双音节及物动词"则是"V出"词汇化的最终环境。

The category of dummy verbs includes both typical members and atypical members, the latter of which have not attracted enough attention of current scholars. A1 though ＂Vchu＂ （出） , such as zuochu （做出/作出）, geichu （给出）, tichu （提出） and fa- chu （发出）, are atypical members, they can distribute in the same positions where typical dummy verbs appear and have the same properties as typical ones. This paper shows that ＂V chu＂ are in the process of lexicalization. Further, the critical context for lexicalization of ＂V chu＂ lies in the fact that they take disyllable verbs as their objects, and the two ways of un- derstanding provide the condition for the transition from ＂V chu＂ to dummy verbs. Based on the above analysis, this paper points out that the typical distribution frame of dummy verbs, that is, ＂preposition ＋ patient ＋__＋ disyllabic transitive verb＂, is the final context for lexicalization of ＂V chu＂.