新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎相关研究现状

Research status of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)是新生儿期的一种严重威胁新生儿生命的疾病。NEC临床症状可从轻微腹胀、喂养困难,迅速进展为爆发性、感染性休克,全肠段坏死,甚至导致患儿死亡。NEC远期可导致短肠综合征、肠狭窄、生长发育迟缓、神经系统不良结局等。NEC既是难治性新生儿疾病,也是导致新生儿死亡的重要原因之一。然而,对于NEC的发病机制,迄今尚未完全阐明。积极预防,早发现、早诊断、早治疗,可降低NEC的致残率及其导致的死亡率。

Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis（NEC）is a serious threat to the neonatal period of life in children with catastrophic diseases.The clinical symptoms of NEC can range from mild abdominal distension,feeding difficulties,and then develop rapidly to the outbreak of infectious shock,whole bowel necrosis,and even leading to death.NEC can result in short bowel syndrome,intestinal stricture,growth retardation,nervous system adverse outcomes,etc.in the long term.NEC is both a neonatal refractory disease and one of the most important causes of neonatal death.However,the pathogenesis of NEC is still not clear until now,positive prevention,early detection,early diagnosis,early treatment can reduce the morbidity and mortality of NEC.