广东壮族世居地青少年语言能力现状调查分析——以肇庆市怀集县下帅乡为例

Investigation and Analysis on the Status of Linguistic Competence of the Youth and Adolescents Living in Zhuang-inhabited Area in Guangdong——Taking Xiashuai Township of Huaiji County of Zhaoqing as an Example

以广东省肇庆市怀集县下帅乡为例,通过实地访谈、词汇测试和问卷调查等方式,对壮族世居地青少年语言使用的现状和能力进行了分析。调查结果反映,当地壮族青少年的语言使用具有母语稳定性、双语兼用性和类型差异性。相比较父辈,他们在壮语能力上已经出现了明显的降低,词汇量的减小和较多汉语借词的使用是集中体现。影响壮族青少年语言能力的因素主要有母语地位的下降、多语的语言环境、语言使用场合和对象的减少、强势汉语入侵等。帮助青少年了解母语价值、平衡双语发展是家庭、学校和社会的共同责任。

Based on household interviews,vocabulary tests and questionnaires,this paper analyzes the current situation and ability of adolescents＇ language use in Zhuang-inhabited area in Guangdong province. The results of the survey show that the language use of the local Zhuang teenagers has three characteristics： the stable use of mother tongue,bilingual concurrently use and multiple types. Compared with their parents,the teenagers have significantly reduced in their language competence of Zhuang language. This change is neatly illustrated in vocabulary reduction and the increase of Chinese loanwords. The influence factors of Zhuang adolescent＇s language ability are the decline in the status of the mother tongue,multilingual environment,the reduction of language use objects and occasions,and the influence of Chinese. It is the common responsibility of the family,the school and the society to help teenagers to understand the value of their mother tongue and to balance the bilingual development.