西方马克思主义经济民主视域下的苏联危机之鉴——以卢卡奇经济民主思想为中心

On the Soviet Crisis from the Perspective of Western Marxist Economic Democracy——A case study of Lukacs thought of economic democracy

作为西方马克思主义思想的集大成者,卢卡奇的社会思想与批判理论都以极具特色的视角赋予马克思主义以时代性的诠释,他的社会主义经济民主思想更是贯穿于其毕生的思想论断之中。在秉承马克思主义人的社会历史主体性原则的前提下,批判斯大林主义把经济发展与民主政治相割裂的虚假民主模式,开启西方马克思主义经济民主视域,剖析出社会主义国家经济政治危机的根源,并提出了社会主义民主化进程的具体构想,以此来实现人类的解放与全面发展,重释马克思主义的生命力。他对苏联危机批判所形成的社会主义经济民主思想,不仅开创了西方马克思主义民主研究的先河,丰富和发展了社会主义经济民主思想,而且对于新时代中国特色社会主义的改革攻坚与民主建设都有着重要的借鉴意义。

As the epitome of Western Marx thought,Lukacs' s social thought and critical theory give Marx an interpretation of the times in a very special way.And his socialist economic democracy is also throughout his lifelong ideological assertion.Based on the principle of Marxist social and historical subjectivity,this paper criticizes Stalinism's false democratic model,which separates economic development from democratic politics,and opens the field of western Marxist economic democracy.This paper also analyzes the causes of the economic and political crisis in socialist countries,and puts forward the concrete conception of the process of socialist democratization,so as to realize the liberation and all-round development of mankind and reinterpret the vitality of Marxism.The socialist economic democracy thought formed by his crisis-criticizing to the Soviet Union not only initiated the western Marxist democratic research,enriched and developed the socialist economic democracy thought,but also developed the new one.The reform of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the construction of democracy have important significance for reference.