尾矿综合利用现状与矿山可持续发展

Current Situations of Tailings Utilization and Sustainable Development of Mines

目前,我国尾矿的现状是尾矿堆存量大、产出速率快、利用率低、管理不善,导致尾矿造成的危害越来越严重.尾矿综合利用的主要方法有二次选矿,尾矿发泡输送技术,作建筑材料,充填采空区,加工矿物肥料或改良土壤,尾矿土地复垦.同时,解决好尾矿问题是实现矿山可持续发展的重要部分,解决尾矿问题的途径可从革新原有尾矿的利用技术与方法,完善管理制度与加大资金支持,改变传统观念入手,使矿山的发展走资源-产品-效益-科技-环保的可持续发展之路.

Currently,the tailings in China is large in amount,fast rate of output,low rate of utilization,and poor management,thus the harm caused by the tailings has become more and more serious. The major methods of comprehensive utilization of tailings are re-concentration of tailings, tailings foam conveying technology,taking as building materials,filling the goaf,processing of mineral fertilizer or improving soil,and tailings land reclamation. Meanwhile,it is an important part of mine＇s sustainable development to solve the problem of tailings. The solution to it is to innovate the original tailings utilization technology and methods,improve the system of management and increase the financial support,change the traditional old-fashioned views,so as to make the mining development go on a road of sustainable development in resources,products,benefits,science and technology,and environment protection.