公共产品技术创新中政府技术获取模式

Study on the Modes of Obtaining the Technology in Technological Innovation of Public Goods

与企业实施技术创新的过程相比,政府部门进行公共产品技术创新具有不同的特征。公共产品技术创新中政府部门选择不同的创新模式以及技术获取方式对整个社会福利水平的提升有着积极意义。文章结合政府部门进行公共产品技术创新的典型案例,探讨了公共产品技术创新中政府技术获取的模式以及如何选择技术获取方式的问题。首先,探讨了政府在公共产品技术创新中的三种技术获取模式,即:政府委托公共科研机构技术研发、选择公共科研机构与企业进行合作研发、选择企业进行自主研发。然后,结合政府部门直接从企业获取技术的实践,分析了采购产品的技术特征和市场特征两个因素对其选择技术获取方式的影响。最后,结合四个案例,对政府选择技术获取模式的问题进行了解释。

Compared with the process of firms’ technological innovation,government departments play different roles in technological innovation of public goods. In public goods technological innovation,government will choose appropriate innovation patterns and technology acquisition modes which have an important impact on social welfare. Firstly,the paper summarize three different innovation modes the government can select： public research institutes accomplish technology research and development,public research institution and enterprise jointly complete technology research and development,and enterprises execute independently R＆D. Then,according to the practice of government departments directly acquiring technology from enterprises,then conclude that if the governments decided to purchase technology from enterprises,technical characteristics and market characteristics of products have a decisive impact on the mode choice of government technology procurement. Finally,combined with four specific cases,explain the governments’ choice of technology acquisition modes.